| Název článku: | Změny klimatizační funkce lesních porostů jako následek jejich plošného odumření po gradaci lýkožrouta smrkového |
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| Číslo: | 1 |
| Rok: | 2022 |
| Autor: | Petra Hesslerová, Hanna Huryna, Jan Pokorný, Alice Kozumplíková, Ilja Vyskot |
The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in the air-conditioning function of forest stands and agricultural landscape in the wider vicinity of Dačice town (328 km2) in the period 1990–2019. The air-conditioning function is manifested by the values of the surface temperature on sunny days in the growing season, with high amount of incoming solar radiation (up to 900 W.m-2). The surface temperature of the land cover is given mainly by the ratio between the evapotranspiration (latent heat of vaporization) and heating (sensible heat flux). The cooling ability of forest stands is evaluated by the difference between the surface and air temperature above the stand. In the case study we verify the thesis of the gradual loss of water and vegetation cover in the hills of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands leading to an increase in surface temperatures, increasing difference between surface and air temperature, higher release of sensible heat at the expense of evapotranspiration (latent heat of vaporization). We then pay special attention to the effect of extensive decay of spruce stands after the gradation of the bark beetle (Ips typographus) on the distribution of solar energy and temperature. Landsat satellite images were used for the assessment, in combination with meteorological data. Energy fluxes were spatially quantified using a gradient approach implemented in the QGIS module SEBCS (Module for spatial computing of energy balance, intensity of evapotranspiration and crop water stress using satellite data). We discuss the importance of dry superheated surfaces for landscape drying, when moisture is carried away by the rising flow of heated air.
