Obsah/Content: ZLV 3/2026
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 3
Obsah/Content: ZLV 3/2026
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ZLV online
Hodnocení úspěšnosti postkalamitní obnovy na majetku lesů města Znojma
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 3
Pavel Karásek, Antonín Martiník: Hodnocení úspěšnosti postkalamitní obnovy na majetku lesů města Znojma
[Evaluation of the success of post-calamity forest regeneration in the Municipal forests of the city of Znojmo] 101-108
[Evaluation of the success of post-calamity forest regeneration in the Municipal forests of the city of Znojmo] 101-108
Abstrakt
The article evaluates the regeneration success of post-calamity forest clearings on the property of the Znojmo Municipal Forests. The property is dominated by nutrient-rich and water-affected sites of the 3rd forest vegetation zone (oak-beech); the tree composition used to be dominated by spruce (32.1%) and pine (29.4%) before the calamity. Five areas forested with spruce and pine, six forested with oak and four stands left to regenerate spontaneously (succession) were selected for the survey. The most successful variant of artificial regeneration was pine, followed by oak, and the areas planted with spruce were the worst. The cost of restoration was, however, the lowest for spruce (52 thousand CZK/ha) and the highest for oak (112 thousand CZK/ha). Hornbeam was the most common and the most frequently present species in spontaneous regeneration (succession), followed by rowan and birch. On the areas of the succession variant, there was found a variable density and tree composition (3–8 species). Game was the limiting factor for the success of this treatments.
Vplyv opätovného využitia drevného popola pri produkcii krytokorenného reprodukčného materiálu buka lesného (Fagus sylvatica L.)
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 3
Vladimír Mačejovský, Elena Takáčová, Ivan Horvát, Jana Luptáková, Martin Belko: Vplyv opätovného využitia drevného popola pri produkcii krytokorenného reprodukčného materiálu buka lesného (Fagus sylvatica L.)
[The effect of reusing wood ash in the production of containerized forest reproductive material of european beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)] 109-116
[The effect of reusing wood ash in the production of containerized forest reproductive material of european beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)] 109-116
Abstrakt
The study focused on evaluating the early development of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings grown in peat-based substrates enriched with wood ash and cellulose sludge as potential soil amendments under changing climatic conditions. The experiment assessed the progression of seedling emergence and growth parameters (height and root collar diameter) during the initial four weeks of vegetation. A linear mixed model (LMM) revealed a significant effect of time, substrate variant, and their interaction (p < 0.001), confirming that the dynamics of seedling development were influenced by both substrate composition and nutrient availability. Seedlings cultivated in ash-enriched substrates (RPM, RP+) exhibited faster seedling emergence advancement and greater final biomass compared to the reference variant of peat substrate, while the cellulose sludge variant (RK+) showed markedly weaker growth. The results demonstrated that wood ash, due to its alkaline reaction and high calcium, potassium, and magnesium content, can improve substrate properties and enhance seedling vitality. Conversely, untreated cellulose sludge appears unsuitable without further processing. Overall, the use of wood ash represents a sustainable approach to recycling industrial by-products and may support the production of high-quality forest reproductive material and the adaptive capacity of forest ecosystems in response to climate change.
Kalamitný rozpad horských smrečín ako faktor formovania požiarnej mikroklímy lesov
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 3
Lenka Malovcová, Veronika Babničová, Milan Ostrihoň, Paulína Nalevanková, Jaroslav Škvarenina: Kalamitný rozpad horských smrečín ako faktor formovania požiarnej mikroklímy lesov
[Disturbance-induced dieback of mountain spruce forests as a driver of forest fire microclimate] 117-131
[Disturbance-induced dieback of mountain spruce forests as a driver of forest fire microclimate] 117-131
Abstrakt
Disturbance-induced dieback of mountain Norway spruce forests alters stand-level fire climate by weakening canopy buffering and creating a gradient from intact forest interiors to highly exposed open areas. This study quantified differences in meteorological conditions (global radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and potential evapotranspiration), Angström Index-based fire danger (including fire-danger class frequencies), and fine dead fuel moisture (grass, spruce litter, and lichens) across three plot types – an open area, a dying spruce forest, and a living spruce forest – in the Western Tatra Mountains during the 2024 fire season (1 May – 23 October). Open area exhibited the most fireconducive microclimatic conditions, characterized by higher global radiation, warmer and drier air, and the greatest evaporative demand. Fire danger followed a comparable gradient: open areas exhibited the highest proportion of days within elevated fire-danger classes, while living and dying forests were dominated by lower to moderate danger. The moisture content of fine dead fuels was higher in the living forest than in the dying forest, consistent with stronger microclimatic canopy buffering. Overall, canopy loss associated with dieback may substantially increase wildfire susceptibility, especially in open and structurally degraded stands, underscoring the need for targeted fuel and restoration-focused management.
Sezónní dynamika aktivity predátorů na rozmnožovacích lokalitách obojživelníků v nivě řeky Moravy
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 3
Ondřej Mikulka, Jakub Drimaj: Sezónní dynamika aktivity predátorů na rozmnožovacích lokalitách obojživelníků v nivě řeky Moravy
[Seasonal dynamics of predator activity at amphibian breeding sites in The Morava river floodplain] 132-140
[Seasonal dynamics of predator activity at amphibian breeding sites in The Morava river floodplain] 132-140
Abstrakt
Predation is an important factor influencing amphibian reproductive success; however, its seasonal dynamics at breeding sites remain poorly understood. Particular attention has recently been paid to the invasive raccoon (Procyon lotor), which has been expanding throughout Central Europe and has been identified as an important amphibian predator in several invaded regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seasonal activity of potential amphibian predators at breeding sites using camera trapping, compare it with amphibian activity, and assess the role of the invasive raccoon within the predator community. Monitoring was conducted at two important wetland localities in the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area and the Chropyňský luh National Nature Reserve (Czech Republic). Predator activity recorded by camera traps was compared with the seasonal dynamics of amphibian occurrence. A total of 6,746 predator records were obtained. Significant positive correlations with amphibian activity were found for the grey heron (Ardea cinerea), weasels (Mustela spp.), Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), and raccoon (Procyon lotor), whereas the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) showed a negative correlation, and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) showed no significant seasonal association. Although direct predation events were recorded only occasionally, camera trapping proved to be a useful method for assessing predator activity and seasonal overlap with amphibian breeding. The results highlight the invasive raccoon as a potentially important source of predation pressure on amphibian populations and provide practical support for targeted management, including systematic monitoring and population control of raccoons at valuable amphibian breeding sites as part of integrated amphibian conservation.
Priority lesníckeho výskumu na Slovensku a v Česku v kontexte Strategickej výskumnej a inovačnej agendy Partnerstva FOREST
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 3
Zuzana Sarvašová, Ján Válovčan, Rastislav Raši: Priority lesníckeho výskumu na Slovensku a v Česku v kontexte Strategickej výskumnej a inovačnej agendy Partnerstva FOREST
[Forestry research priorities in Slovakia and Czechia in the context of the Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda of the FOREST Partnership] 141-153
[Forestry research priorities in Slovakia and Czechia in the context of the Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda of the FOREST Partnership] 141-153
Abstrakt
The article assesses the alignment between national forestry research priorities in Slovakia and Czechia and the Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) developed to support the FOREST Partnership. The study applies a policy alignment approach comparing European research priorities with national Research and Innovation Smart Specialisation Strategies (RIS3) and the thematic focus of funded forestry research. The methodology combines comparative analysis of strategic documents with an examination of research project databases. In the first phase, a content analysis of the strategies of Slovakia and Czechia was conducted, and the identified priorities were linked to the SRIA thematic areas. In the second phase, recent research projects were analysed using thematic mapping and descriptive statistics. The analysis includes projects funded through national and European grant schemes in 2021–2025. In total, 235 forestry research projects were identified (137 in Slovakia and 98 in Czechia), with total funding of €32.8 million in Slovakia and €57.6 million in Czechia. While projects in both countries focus on diversified forest management and climate adaptation, theme of bioeconomy is more presented in Slovakia than in Czechia. The findings indicate strong thematic alignment with SRIA while highlighting differences in funding structures and research focus between the two countries.
Obsah/Content: ZLV 2/2026
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 2
Obsah/Content: ZLV 2/2026
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Vyhodnocení pěstování jedle bělokoré od sběru semenné suroviny po zajištěný porost v podmínkách 3. a 4. LVS
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 2
Michal Bledý, Stanislav Vacek, Zdeněk Vacek, Jan Cukor, Jakub Černý, Václav Šimůnek, Johana Pechačová, Pavel Brabec, Jan Budínský, Michal Kuběnka, Josef Gallo: Vyhodnocení pěstování jedle bělokoré od sběru semenné suroviny po zajištěný porost v podmínkách 3. a 4. LVS
[Evaluation of silver fir silviculture from seed collection to established stands under conditions of the 3rd and 4th forest vegetation zones] 55-66
[Evaluation of silver fir silviculture from seed collection to established stands under conditions of the 3rd and 4th forest vegetation zones] 55-66
Abstrakt
Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) is a key native tree species in Central European forests, exhibiting high production capacity and ecological and adaptive potential under ongoing global climate change (GCC). This study focuses on a comprehensive evaluation of fir cultivation, from seed material collection through seed quality and planting stock performance to the economic aspects of stand establishment and securing under the conditions of the 3rd and 4th forest vegetation zones in Czechia (Central Bohemian and Plzeň regions). The results revealed pronounced interannual variability in seed purity, ranging from 5.8% (2022) to 18.9% (2024), with a mean value of approximately 14%, representing the highest values among native conifers. Seed germination capacity did not differ significantly from long-term averages during the evaluated period (46% in 2018, 52% in 2020, and 57% in 2022); however, a marked decline to 23% was observed after one year of frozen storage. The frequency of strong seed years was estimated at approximately four years. Mean absolute planting stock yield for the period 2018–2025 reached 3,262 seedlings kg-1 on substrate and 2,582 seedlings kg-1 on mineral soil. Post-planting losses over a ten-year period ranged between 10% and 15%. Economic analysis indicated that the costs of establishing and securing 1 ha of silver fir stands, including minimum planting densities, five years of follow-up management, fencing, chemical protection of plantations, one removal of undesirable tree species, and one thinning operation, amounted to 229,000–238,800 CZK/ha. The obtained results confirm the high production, ecological, and adaptive potential of silver fir as a promising species for the conversion of spruce-dominated and other monocultures and for developing structurally stable forest stands with substantial carbon sequestration potential under GCC conditions.
Vyhodnocení morfologických znaků sadebního materiálu dubu letního a dubu zimního z různých zdrojů původu
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 2
Jan Leugner, Eliška Žižková, Jakub Černý: Vyhodnocení morfologických znaků sadebního materiálu dubu letního a dubu zimního z různých zdrojů původu
[Evaluation of the morphological traits of pedunculate oak and sessile oak seedlings from different provenance sources] 67-73
[Evaluation of the morphological traits of pedunculate oak and sessile oak seedlings from different provenance sources] 67-73
Abstrakt
Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) are two important tree species in the ongoing conversion of Central European forests. In the initial testing series introduced in this study, we examined whether values of standard nursery quality traits differ between provenance lots and between the two oak species tested. One-year-old containerised seedlings grown from nine certified seed sources (six pedunculate oak and three sessile oak) were produced in air-cushion container trays. Seedling height and root-collar diameter were measured in accordance with the Czech Standard No. 48 2115. Volume of fresh shoots, coarse roots (>1 mm) and fine roots (<1 mm) were quantified using the xylometric method, and the root-to-shoot volume ratio and the percentage of the fine root volume from the total volume of the root system were subsequently calculated. Differences between lots and oak species were tested using one-way ANOVA, followed by Games-Howellův post-hoc test (p < 0.05). Seedling height differed significantly between the provenance lots and oak species. Sessile oak seedlings were smaller, except for the one sessile oak seedling lot (7 DBZ) that had a stem height comparable to that of pedunculate oak seedlings. Statistically significant differences were found in the morphological parameters of sessile oak and pedunculate oak seedlings. Within the pedunculate oak group, the individual provenance lots were more homogeneous. In contrast, significant differences were also observed between the individual provenance lots of sessile oak.
Bylinné patro a zmlazení dřevin v sekundárních smrčinách ovlivněných kůrovcovou gradací ve vybraných zvláště chráněných územích Beskyd
ZLV, 71, 2026, Číslo 2
Přemysl Mácha, Tomáš Koutecký: Bylinné patro a zmlazení dřevin v sekundárních smrčinách ovlivněných kůrovcovou gradací ve vybraných zvláště chráněných územích Beskyd
[Herb layer and forest regeneration in secondary spruce forests influenced by bark beetle outbreaks in selected nature reserves in the Beskydy Mountains] 74-82
[Herb layer and forest regeneration in secondary spruce forests influenced by bark beetle outbreaks in selected nature reserves in the Beskydy Mountains] 74-82
Abstrakt
The impact of Norway spruce forest dieback on understory species diversity in the herb layer and spontaneous forest regeneration in nature reserves is still not sufficiently understood. This article analyzes the impact of forest dieback on several protected areas in the Moravian-Silesian Beskydy. We established 44 permanent research plots. Phytosociological relevés were taken at each plot, tree seedlings and saplings were counted, and the structure and amount of dead wood was estimated. The research did not find any statistically significant correlation between canopy disruption and species diversity and species cover in the herb layer. Plots with dead and living canopy from the same reserve were more similar than plots with live canopy from different reserves. Spontaneous forest regeneration is relatively sufficient. Norway spruce regenerates most successfully, other species are suppressed by game grazing. The amount of dead wood is high in all reserves and the structure of dead wood is very diverse. The amount of standing dead wood correlates positively with forest regeneration but lying dead wood does not prevent grazing.